Elephants are large terrestrial mammals, typically over 3 meters in length and weighing over 5 tons.

They have long trunks and large ears, which are their most distinctive features. The trunk of an elephant is a very flexible organ that can be used for picking up food, drinking water, breathing, and sensing the environment.

Elephant ears are also very large and help them dissipate heat, convey signals, and hear sounds.

Elephants live in various environments in Africa and Asia, including grasslands, forests, swamps, and deserts. They are herbivores and eat grass, leaves, bark, fruits, and nuts. Elephants are highly social animals and typically live in family groups consisting of dozens of members with clear hierarchical structures and roles.

Female elephants play a crucial role in the family group, often caring for young elephants and assisting other members in finding food and water sources.

Elephants are intelligent animals capable of learning new skills, using tools, expressing emotions, and communicating information. They also have excellent memories and can remember every member of a large herd. Elephants are also highly social and will help each other and protect weaker members.

Elephants have a strong memory and can also predict the weather. They have sensitive hearing and can detect extremely low sound frequencies, allowing them to hear distant thunder and heavy rain and predict when the rain is coming, which can change their travel routes.

Wild African elephants are currently known as the mammals that sleep the least, averaging only two hours of sleep per day, and sometimes even staying awake all day. This lack of sleep may be related to their body size, as larger mammals tend to sleep less.

Elephants are social animals and prefer not to live alone. Research on hormone levels in elephant excrement has shown that solitary elephants experience more stress than those living in groups.

The main food source for elephants is plants, including leaves, grass, fruits, and nuts. They need to consume a large amount of food every day, with an adult elephant consuming 200-300 kilograms of food per day.

Elephants have a strong reproductive capacity, with females giving birth every three years. At birth, elephant calves are already quite large, weighing up to 100 kilograms.

Elephants face many threats, with the biggest threat being human activity. Habitat loss due to deforestation, illegal hunting, and human expansion are causing their population numbers to decline sharply. In addition, elephant ivory is a valuable commodity, making them vulnerable to poaching.

Protecting elephants has become a global issue, and many actions have been taken internationally, including banning ivory trade, protecting habitats, and raising public awareness of elephant conservation.

Elephants are fascinating animals with unique biological features and appearances. They are intelligent and social animals and an essential part of the ecosystem.

However, due to threats from human activities, their survival is facing serious challenges, and global attention and action are needed to protect them. We should take more measures to protect elephants, and their habitats, limit illegal hunting and ivory trade, and raise public awareness and consciousness of elephant conservation.

Only then can we ensure that elephants survive and reproduce while also protecting the beautiful and unique biodiversity on Earth.